Jinn

Intelligent creatures made of fire, often invisible, they are like humans in their capacity to receive God’s word and be saved, since the Qur’aˆn mentions that it was sent to both humans and jinn (Q. 72:1ff.). In the Qur’aˆ n, Iblıˆs is said to be a jinn, but he is also said to be an angel. This has caused considerable trouble to the commentators, and many theories have developed about the relationship between jinn and angels. It is generally held, however, that one of the main differences is that jinn, like humans, are capable of both sin and salvation and that the Qur’aˆn and Muhammad’s mission was to both groups. There is an immense folkloric literature about the jinn. They helped Sulaymaˆn with his activities, as they were able to take various shapes and carry out heavy work almost instantly.

The “genie” of the lamp in Western versions of the Thousand and One Nights is a folkloric version of the jinn. They are believed to sit on the walls around heaven, trying to listen in on God’s councils with the angels, and shooting stars are caused by the angels throwing things at them to drive them away. Jinn can appear as animals – a black cat, a dog, a fox – or as humans, either ordinary or grotesque. They can be helpful or harmful to humans, depending on whether or not they are of an evil nature or have been annoyed by humans. Pious behavior on the part of humans is the best defense against
them.

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